Ukraine's Hardest Winter – Foreign Affairs, Nov 11 2025

With the Donbas in Peril, Europe Must Pressure Russia Now

I'll leave the dozens of outright lies, false assertions and delusions therein for others to mock.

Waitling's main thesis is that more (economic) pressure on Russia will somehow press it towards a ceasefire without concessions from the Ukrainian side. But his suggestions on how to do that are all designed to drag Europe into an even more direct battle with Russia.

To support the Ukrainian campaign against Russia's oil industry the Europeans should close the Strait of Denmark:

For Ukraine's international partners, the question is whether they are prepared to match Ukraine's campaign against Russia's oil infrastructure with comparable real rather than performative pressure on Russia's economy. Above all, this means targeting Russia's shadow fleet: the hundreds of decrepit tankers, operating under flags of convenience, often without insurance or trained crew, to move its oil to India and China. This will require denying the 80 percent of Russian seaborne oil exports that pass through the Strait of Denmark and threatening secondary sanctions against the ports where shadow fleet vessels unload.
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Some European governments—including Denmark—have cited the 1857 Treaty of Copenhagen, an international agreement that established tariff-free transit of commercial shipping through Danish waters, as a legal barrier to action. But this is an excuse rather than a real obstacle. The countries that have a Baltic coastline today, excluding Russia, could agree to a new treaty requiring ships to meet certain standards of insurance and certification to be allowed to navigate the Baltic—for example, on grounds of ecological protection. Since the aging vessels of the shadow fleet do not meet these requirements, such a treaty would deny them entry into the straits. This would not impinge on the principle of tariff-free transit for commercial shipping through Danish waters.