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Sodium Ion Batteries Can Reach 100 Gigawatt Per Hour Per Year Scale in 2027
According to a public document released on Thursday by environmental authorities in Ningde, Fujian province — CATL's headquarters city — the expansion project will add 40 GWh of annual production capacity for sodium-ion power batteries.
CATL (China) — Mass production of Naxtra sodium-ion batteries (up to 175 Wh/kg, 15,000+ cycles) started 2026. Recently announced 40 GWh per year dedicated sodium-ion expansion in Fujian and this is part of larger site plans to reach 149 GWh per year total. They secured world's largest order (60 GWh over 3 years for energy storage with CATL and Chinese energy storage system provider HyperStrong. CATL is the dominate 2026 leader in sodium ion batteries and lithium ion batteries.
BYD (China) — Strong #2. Dedicated 30 GWh sodium-ion plant (Xuzhou/Xining area. construction ongoing since 2024) ramping in 2026. Third-generation cells with up to 10,000 cycles and blade-style format. BYD is targeting entry-level EVs and storage. BYD has neear term targets of ~50 GWh per year in sodium ion batteries.
HiNa Battery (China) — Pioneer with commercial deployments (energy storage, low-speed EVs). Large-scale automated lines already running. Expanding Qinghai projects in the 5 GWh range. Smaller than CATL/BYD but established GWh-scale output.
Faradion (UK/Reliance Industries, India) + smaller players like Tiamat in France ~5 GWh factory plans, Altris in Sweden ~0.175 GWh, KPIT/Trentar in India ~3 GWh, Peak Energy in US targeting later ramp. Mostly pilot-to-early GWh or sub-GWh in 2026. Natron Energy (US, Prussian blue tech) ceased operations in late 2025.
Sodium ion batteries have the potential to be the cheapest battery and one with the materials to scale the most.