As a result, it has become economically feasible – as we attempt to demonstrate in this paper – to bootstrap a self-sustaining, self-expanding lunar industry that will spread across the solar system at no further expense to the Earth's economy. Another game-changer is the discovery of lunar polar ice providing vast quantities of hydrogen, nitrogen and carbon. The Moon has every element needed for healthy industry. In light of these game-changing advances and discoveries, it is important to reassess the prospects for initiating space industry

Simple modeling was developed to identify the main parameters of successful bootstrapping. This indicates that bootstrapping can be achieved with as little as 12 metric tons (MT) landed on the Moon during a period of about 20 years.