Nineteen-year-old Olivia's profile picture shows a demure and innocent-looking young woman with long blonde hair styled in beachy waves. She's wearing a short, cleavage-exposing nightdress and her biography says she's "deeply caring, supportive and attentive" and "sleeps on the floor… until you call her. Then silence. Obedience".

While Olivia may appear to be an online dater looking for love, she isn't real – not in the conventional sense of the term. This prospective love match is actually one of a growing trend of "AI girlfriends": realistic-looking artificial intelligence "bots" created by "companion apps" – services that are being advertised on online games played by children and on platforms they watch, such as YouTube.

New research has revealed that one in five boys aged 12-16 is either in or knows of a boy their age who is in a romantic relationship with an AI companion. A report carried out by men's organisation Male Allies UK and published last month spoke with more than 1,000 boys aged 12-16 in focus groups in 37 schools – public and state, grammar and comprehensive, and across a range of Ofsted ratings – up and down the country. Peer-to-peer focus groups were set up where boys could speak freely, with the aim of diving into their behaviour and attitudes, and it was the boys who wanted to talk about AI technologies. The findings make stark reading: eight in 10 boys (85 per cent) have had a conversation with a chatbot, with 43 per cent saying they talk to bots so they can ask questions without feeling embarrassed. More than a quarter (26 per cent) say they like the attention and connection over real-life equivalents, and (36 per cent) admitted that they prefer speaking to AI chatbots rather than to their family and friends at times.

The most popular apps for creating these AI "companions" are Character.AI (which has 50 million downloads), Replika (30 million downloads), Candy AI (tagline: "Your smart and emotionally aware AI companion", with 50 million registered users) and OurDream AI ("Create your dream AI girl"; 36 million monthly visits).

It takes less than five minutes for a young boy to create his "dream girlfriend" on one of these platforms. Companions can either be made in a cartoonish "anime" style or look like eerily accurate humans. They come either "ready made" or customised to specific physical preferences. "You can choose everything from a companion's age, hairstyle, eye colour and skin tone to their facial features, the size of their breasts, the clothes they wear, their demeanour – whether they are caring and nurturing or sassy and mean, for example – to the sound of their voice [many apps also offer the ability to speak over the phone with your companions] and how they treat you or respond to your messages," says Lee Chambers of Male Allies UK.

Children and young adults I spoke to for this article tell me that they are frequently targeted by online adverts for these services, which claim that using them will make them more popular, either with friends or with the opposite sex. While some companions are marketed as "friends", other apps are explicit about their intention to provide a relationship or a "girlfriend" for "romantic talk". Being "always available", they offer instant gratification and boast that they can help people "gain confidence" talking to the opposite sex.